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第一页 上一页 下一页 尾页 页次：1/63页 共625篇文章 10篇文章/页
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Human Reliability and Railway Safety
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2008-11-13
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10
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简介: Railway operations are safety critical in many respects, and the safety of railway traffic is based upon a blend of safety management, rail traffic rules, technical safety equipment and human reliability. Human factors still plays a significant part in many railway accidents. With increasing train speed and traffic density a range of technical safety systems have been introduced in the various railway systems, but the safety of rail traffic is still to a high degree dependant upon reliable human operations...
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Evaluation of time-varying availability in ..
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2008-11-13
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9
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简介: The popular models for repairable item inventory, both in the literature as well as practical applications, assume that the demands for items are independent of the number of working systems. However this assumption can introduce a
serious underestimation of availability when the number of working systems is small, the failure rate is high or the
repair time is long. In this paper, we study a multi-echelon repairable item inventory system under the phenomenon of passivation, i.e. serviceable items are passivated (‘‘switched off’’) upon system failure. This work is motivated by corrective maintenance of high-cost technical equipment in the miltary. We propose an efficient approximation model to compute time-varying availability. Experiments show that our analytical model agrees well with Monte Carlo simulation.
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A Multi-Item Spare Parts Inventory Model
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2008-11-13
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12
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简介: We consider a single warehouse where spare parts of multiple stock-keeping units are kept on stock to serve customers with (close-to-)identical machines. Customers are divided into multiple customer classes, and a target aggregate fill rate is set per class. In order to get differentiated service levels, critical level policies are assumed. We formulate a multi-item, single-stage spare
parts inventory model for this problem, with the objective to minimize the inventory investment under the condition that all target aggregate fill rates are met. We develop a solution procedure based on Lagrange relaxation, in order to obtain both a heuristic solution and a lower bound
for the optimal costs. Underlying subproblems are solved by applying product-form solutions for closed queueing networks, an exact optimization procedure for a single-item spare parts inventory problem, and linear programming theory. An extensive computational experiment shows that the gap between the costs of the heuristic solution and the lower bound is small in general (on average 1.5%), and that computation times are limited (e.g., 3 minutes for instances with 20-100 items and 5 customer classes). The solution procedure is also applied to a case at
ASML, a manufacturer of so-called step and scan systems, which are used for the production of integrated circuits. For their situation, applying critical level policies gives 10-20% reduction in inventory investment in comparison to simply using basestock policies (without critical levels) and providing the highest target aggregate fill rate to all customer classes. Although the focus of this paper is on the customer differentiation problem, our approach is described in general terms and seems applicable to several other multi-item spare parts problems.
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2007年RMS领域的重大发展动态
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2008-11-7
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23
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简介: 随着武器装备复杂程度和技术含量的不断提高，作为装备重要设计特性的可靠性、维修性、测试性、保障性与安全性（以下简称为RMS）等质量特性对装备战斗力、生存力、部署机动性、维修人力和使用保障费用等方面将产生越来越重要的影响。2007 年，以美军为代表的西方国家军队，围绕重点武器装备研制的需要，在 RMS 设计与分析、RMS 试验与评价等领域不断创新，无论理论还是实践均取得了明显成效。
作者：于晓伟 张宝珍 王萍 |
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装备一体化设计过程中维修性设计要求的权衡技术
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2008-9-27
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69
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简介: 装备一体化设计过程中的维修性冲突避免技术体系，基于多种权衡算法，选择层次分析法确定各维修性设计要求的重要度。首先构建维修性设计要求的层次结构模型，其次分析维修性设计要求层次结构模型中每一层次的因素相对于上一层次某因素的单排序情况，最后依次由上而下计算维修性设计要求层相对于维修性特性层的重要
性系数或相对优劣次序的排序值。
作者：张爱民，侯彦彪，杨天军， 刘立泽 |
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现代大飞机的维修设计（一）
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2008-9-27
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74
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简介: 本文提出了维修设计的概念。通过空客A380、波音747、777、787，巴西Embraer170/190等较为典型的现代大中型运输飞机的维修设计案例，论述了面向维修的设计在现代大型运输飞机研制与发展中重要地位和作用，阐明了维修性及相关特性是现代大飞机成功与否的关键性技术。
作者：戚燕杰 吕志刚 宋笔锋 |
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考虑铰链运动副间隙的机构运动可靠性分析模型
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2008-9-27
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60
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简介: 针对高速运动机构的特点,补充考虑铰链式运动副间隙的机构运动可靠性分析模型,并以曲柄滑块机构为例,应用非连续接触模型和连续接触模型,详尽分析运动副径向间隙和销轴位置的不确定性因素对机构运动可靠性的影响。
作者：黄 玮 冯蕴雯 吕震宙 冯元生 |
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基于马氏链样本模拟的渡槽结构系统可靠度分析
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2008-9-27
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55
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简介: 提出了一种适合于渡槽结构系统可靠度计算的重要样本法。该方法根据Metropolis 准则构造马尔可夫链模拟样本,通过在失效域中进行预抽样,获得对失效概率的计算贡献较大的重要区域的分布信息,然后利用此信息构造重要样本函数,采用重要样本技术计算结构系统的失效概率。对一典型梁式渡槽进行各种失效模式的分析,建立了相应的功能函数,并就本文算法与已有算法计算得的可靠度进行了比较。结果表明,该方法由于不涉及设计点的概念,解决了应用重要样本法计算系统可靠性时重要样本函数构作的难题,具有较好的效率和精度。
作者：吴剑国 金伟良 张爱晖 王盛 |
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基于机械模糊可靠性理论的铝锭铸造传动系统的设计
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2008-9-27
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57
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简介: 在对铝锭铸造传动系统进行失效分析并建立故障树的基础上,运用模糊故障树理论,对铸造传动系统进行了模糊可靠性分析;根据模糊数及逻辑门算子的运算规则,计算出了各中间事件及顶事件发生的概率,为提高系统的可靠性设计提供了依据。
作者：邵芳,李法庆,李方义 |
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